Humanitarian parole: what is it and how to request an extension

Humanitarian parole is a temporary immigration status granted by the United States government to individuals who need to enter the country for urgent humanitarian reasons or significant public benefit. It is typically used in emergency cases with a critical humanitarian purpose, such as medical treatment, family reunification, or the need for essential assistance in disaster relief efforts, among other situations where the denial of entry could lead to significant hardship.

Humanitarian parole is only a temporary status and does not grant legal permanent residency or a path to citizenship. Once the humanitarian purpose is fulfilled, the individual is expected to leave the United States. This permission is not the same as a request for asylum nor does it grant citizenship. After the parole period expires, applicants may request re-parole within the country.

The U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services (USCIS) is responsible for granting humanitarian parole to individuals who have compelling reasons for entering the country temporarily but do not qualify for a visa or other immigration benefits. The decision to grant humanitarian parole is at the discretion of the USCIS and other immigration authorities. There is no guarantee that an application will be approved, and decisions are made on a case-by-case basis.

Although each case may vary, the USCIS considers three key factors in its deliberations: the level of suffering the applicant could experience if parole is not granted, the time sensitivity of the situation, and the potential adverse impact a rejection might have on the applicant’s well-being.

Another crucial factor that the USCIS considers is whether the beneficiary will have means of support while in the United States. The government requires evidence of an individual or entity willing to financially support the beneficiary in the United States. The financial supporter may or may not be the same person or entity as the petitioner; it could be an organization or the petitioner may have multiple financial supporters. Additionally, the USCIS evaluates any evidence related to national security concerns.

How to Apply for Parole

To request parole, applicants must fill out Form I-131, Application for Travel Document, and include the filing fee or a fee waiver request. Some individuals may be eligible to file Form I-131 online. Additionally, they have to complete Form I-134, Declaration of Financial Support, for each beneficiary to demonstrate how they will be financially supported in the United States. Applicants have to provide a detailed explanation and supporting documentation for the reasons they’re requesting parole.

Submitting evidence

In addition to the required forms and fees, applicants have to provide a detailed explanation of the reasons for requesting parole, the expected duration of their stay, and why they can’t obtain a U.S. visa or waiver. It is recommended to include copies of any relevant immigrant or nonimmigrant petitions, supporting documents, and identification. Foreign language documents should be accompanied by an English translation and certification from the translator.

Expedited processing

USCIS reviews all requests for expedited processing on a case-by-case basis. If an applicant believes their case merits expedited processing, they can request it by following the Form I-131 instructions and writing “EXPEDITE” on the application. They also have to provide contact information and a detailed explanation for the request, supported by available evidence. Expedited processing is typically reserved for particularly urgent or life-threatening situations.

How long does it take to process?

USCIS acknowledges processing delays due to a high volume of parole requests since Fall 2021. Timely submission of all relevant supporting evidence is crucial to avoid further delays.

If parole is denied

If a parole request is denied, applicants can file a motion for reconsideration or to reopen the proceeding. It is required to file a motion with Form I-290B within 33 days of the denial notice, including the correct fee or a fee waiver request. If there are significant new facts relevant to the parole application, they may also consider filing a new Form I-131. There is no limit to the number of times a person may file Form I-131.

When parole ends

Beneficiaries can request a re-parole after their humanitarian parole expires. In order to do so, they have to fill a new Form I-131, a new Affidavit of Support (form I-134) and a legible copy of Form I-94 Departure Record that was issued upon their first parole.

Country specific programs

The USCIS have several humanitarian parole programs for nationals from specific countries, most of which are under crisis. The application and approval process may differ depending on whether the applicant is in one of these countries or outside. These are the programs:

• The Haitian Family Reunification Parole Program
• The Cuban Family Reunification Parole Program
• The Central American Minor Refugee/Parole Program
• The Filipino World War II Veterans Parole Program
• The Immigrant Military Members and Veterans Initiative

There is also a process for Nicaraguans and Venezuelans. It was launched by the Biden administration aimed at migrants from those who are experiencing hardships. Upon approval, they can enter the U.S. on parole status and legally reside and work in the country for up to two years. Applicants need a financial sponsor in the U.S.

Sign up for our weekly newsletter to get more English-language news coverage from EL PAÍS USA Edition